英文原文 standard reference
Intent 目的Reduce the risk of physical strain on the body through ergonomic design at workstations that supports neutral body positions for seated and standing work and provides opportunities to alternate between seated and standing positions.
This WELL feature requires projects to provide ergonomic workstation furnishings to accommodate all users, that allow for customized workstation fit and provide user orientation to workstations covering ergonomic workstation design and adjustability features.
Part 1 Support Visual Ergonomics
For Office Spaces: Option 1: Desktop computer monitors All computer monitors can be positioned by the user (monitor height, viewing angle, horizontal distance), through one or more of the following: a. Monitors with built-in height and angle adjustment.10,11 b. Monitor stands or arms that allow height, angle and horizontal adjustment.10,11 Option 2: Laptop computers All laptops meet one of the following requirements: a. The laptop is paired with an external keyboard, mouse and stand such that the laptop screen can be positioned by the user (height, viewing angle, horizontal distance).11 b. The laptop is used with an external monitor that meets Option 1.11 WELL Core Guidance: Meet these requirements in non-leased spaces. To earn an additional point, also meet these requirements in leased spaces. Projects can either install amenities or provide a budget to tenants tied to the implementation of feature requirements.
Part 2 Provide Height-Adjustable Work Surfaces
For Office Spaces: At least 25% of all workstations can be adjusted by the user for both seated and standing work, through one of the following: a. Manual or electric height-adjustable work surfaces that provide users with the ability to customize workstation height at both seated and standing positions.10,11 b. Supplemental solutions (e.g., stand) that allow all or part of the work surface, monitor and primary input devices (e.g., keyboard, mouse) to be raised or lowered to seated or standing heights.10,11 WELL Core Guidance: Meet these requirements in non-leased spaces. To earn an additional point, also meet these requirements in leased spaces. Projects can either install amenities or provide a budget to tenants tied to the implementation of feature requirements.
Part 3 Provide Chair Adjustability
For Office Spaces: All seating at workstations can be adjusted by the user, including the following: a. Seat height.10,11 b. Seat depth. 10,11 c. One additional adjustability requirement: 1. Backrest height and lumbar support.10,11 2. Backrest angle.10,11 3. Armrest height and distance between armrests.10,11 WELL Core Guidance: Meet these requirements in non-leased spaces. To earn an additional point, also meet these requirements in leased spaces. Projects can either install amenities or provide a budget to tenants tied to the implementation of feature requirements.
Part 4 Provide Support at Standing Workstations
For All Spaces: All workstations in which users are regularly required to stand for 50% or more of their working hours (e.g., assembly line station, hotel check-in counter, supermarket check-out counter) incorporate at least two of the following: a. Anti-fatigue mats, impact reducing flooring or a similar strategy.12 b. Recessed toe space at least 4 in(10 cm) depth and height.13 c. A footrest or footrail.12,14 d. A leaning chair.12,14 WELL Core Guidance: Meet these requirements in non-leased spaces. To earn an additional point, also meet these requirements in leased spaces. Projects can either install amenities or provide a budget to tenants tied to the implementation of feature requirements.
Part 5 Provide Workstation Orientation
For All Spaces: The following requirement is met: a. All eligible employees receive an orientation (e.g., in-person training, interactive education, video or smartphone-based education with competency verification) to workstations in the space covering, at minimum, the following: 1. Ergonomic and adjustability features of a given workstation and their benefits. 2. Demonstration on how to make adjustments based on individual needs. 3. Available resources that can be used for future reference and where to access them. WELL Core Guidance: Meet these requirement in non-leased spaces. References 1. King AC, Powell KE, Physical Activity Guidelines Advisory Committee, Committee PAGA. 2018 Physical Activity Guidelines Advisory Committee Scientific Report. 2018. https://health.gov/paguidelines/second- edition/report.aspx. 2. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Facts about Physical Activity. https://www.cdc.gov/physicalactivity/data/facts.htm. Published 2014. Accessed December 6, 2017. 3. World Health Organization. Physical Activity. http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs385/en/. Published 2015. Accessed February 1, 2017. 4. Sallis JF, Bull F, Guthold R, et al. Progress in physical activity over the Olympic quadrennium. Lancet. 2017;388(10051):1325-1336. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(16)30581-5 5. Ding D, Lawson KD, Kolbe-Alexander TL, et al. The economic burden of physical inactivity: A global analysis of major non-communicable diseases. Lancet. 2016;388(10051):1311-1324. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(16)30383-X 6. Kohl 3rd HW, Craig CL, Lambert EV, et al. The pandemic of physical inactivity: global action for public health. Lancet. 2017;380(9838):294-305. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(12)60898-8 7. Owen N, Healy GN, Matthews CE, Dunstan DW. Too Much Sitting: The Population-Health Science of Sedentary Behavior. Exerc Sport Sci Rev. 2010;38(3):105-113. doi:10.1097/JES.0b013e3181e373a2 8. Bauman A, Ainsworth BE, Sallis JF, et al. The descriptive epidemiology of sitting. A 20-country comparison using the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ). Am J Prev Med. 2011;41(2):228-235. doi:10.1016/j.amepre.2011.05.003 9. Owen N, Salmon J, Koohsari MJ, Turrell G, Giles-Corti B. Sedentary behaviour and health: mapping environmental and social contexts to underpin chronic disease prevention. Br J Sports Med. 2014;48(3):174-177. doi:10.1136/bjsports-2013-093107 10. Young DR, Hivert M-F, Alhassan S, et al. Sedentary Behavior and Cardiovascular Morbidity and Mortality: A Science Advisory From the American Heart Association. Circulation. 2016;134(13):e262-79. doi:10.1161/CIR.0000000000000440 11. Chau JY, Grunseit AC, Chey T, et al. Daily Sitting Time and All-Cause Mortality: A Meta-Analysis. Gorlova OY, ed. PLoS One. 2013;8(11):e80000. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0080000 12. Patterson R, McNamara E, Tainio M, et al. Sedentary behaviour and risk of all-cause, cardiovascular and cancer mortality, and incident type 2 diabetes: a systematic review and dose response meta-analysis. Eur J Epidemiol.